Microbiota Changes in the Musk Gland of Male Forest Musk Deer During Musk Maturation

The musk chemical composition and microbiota of Chinese forest musk deer males

Male musk deer secrete musk from the musk gland located between their naval and genitals. Unmated male forest musk deer generate a greater amount of musk than mated males, potentially allowing them to attract a greater number of females. In this study, we used gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to explore musk chemical composition of the musk pods of captive mated and unmated sexu...

Comparative Analysis of the Gut Microbiota Composition between Captive and Wild Forest Musk Deer

The large and complex gut microbiota in animals has profound effects on feed utilization and metabolism. Currently, gastrointestinal diseases due to dysregulated gut microbiota are considered important factors that limit growth of the captive forest musk deer population. Compared with captive forest musk deer, wild forest musk deer have a wider feeding range with no dietary limitations, and the...

Dermal absorption and disposition of musk ambrette, musk ketone and musk xylene in human subjects.

Musk ambrette, musk ketone and musk xylene have a long history of use as fragrance ingredients, although musk ambrette is no longer used in fragrances. As part of the review of the safety of these uses, it is important to consider the systemic exposure that results from these uses. Since the primary route of exposure to fragrances is on the skin, dermal doses of carbon-14 labelled musk ambrette...

Behavior pattern as the indicator of reproductive success of Alpine musk deer

To establish the behavioral indicator of reproductive success of female captive Alpine musk deer(Moschus sifanicus), the focal sampling was used to record the individual behaviors at Xinglongshan MuskDeer Farm (XMDF), Gansu province, China. Conducted between June 2008 and January 2009, 31 adultfemales were observed, of which 26 had successfully bred in the previous year, and five of which wereb...

The Elusive Musk Ducks